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Language units large and small
Marked forms of words - Inflection, Derivation, Declension, Conjugation · Diminutive, Augmentative
Groups and categories and properties of words - Syntactic and lexical categories · Grammatical cases · Correlatives · Expletives · Adjuncts
Words and meaning -
Morphology ·
Lexicology ·
Semiotics ·
Onomasiology
· Figures of speech, expressions, phraseology, etc. · Word similarity ·
Ambiguity ·
Modality ·
Segment function, interaction, reference - Clitics · Apposition· Parataxis, Hypotaxis· Attributive· Binding · Coordinations · Word and concept reference
Sentence structure and style - Agreement · Ellipsis· Hedging
Phonology - Articulation · Formants· Prosody · Sound change · Intonation, stress, focus · Diphones · Intervocalic · Glottal stop · Vowel_diagrams · Elision · Ablaut_and_umlaut · Phonics
Analyses, models, processing, software - Minimal pairs · Concordances · Linguistics software · Some_relatively_basic_text_processing · Word embeddings · Semantic similarity ·· Speech processing · Praat notes · Praat plugins and toolkit notes · Praat scripting notes
Unsorted - Contextualism ·
· Text summarization ·
Accent, Dialect, Language · Pidgin, Creole · Natural language typology ·
Writing_systems · Typography, orthography ·
Digraphs, ligatures, dipthongs ·
More linguistic terms and descriptions ·
Phonetic scripts
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✎ This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.
Diphones
A diphone refers to two phones,
usually in reference to the transition in pronunciation they make
when next to each other in the thing to pronounced,
especially when this is distinct from their isolated pronunciations.
In theory, any phone could combine so there can be explosively many of these.
Say, if your language has 30 phonemes, there are 9000 potential diphones.
In practice the phonotactics of a language will restrict what appears together,
e.g. allowing a number between hundreds to maybe two thousand diphones.
Diphones are common in vocal modelling for speech analysis, speech recognition and speech synthesis,
The earliest speech synthesis would often just slide phones into each other,
but it turns out that many diphones do not sound natural like that,
be it because that ignores how the mouth produces sounds in any context,
or because of language specifics.
Pre-recorded diphones already do a lot better.
Note that of all possible diphones, many are relatively unusual
and any one sentence won't cover very much,
which is why voice verification and voice cloning and the likes
often wants examples that are carefully constructed sentences.
Diphthongs
✎ This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.