View source for Markedness, Marking, Markers

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=Marking=

'''Marking''' refers to changing form, and usually refers to the results of wider and regular systems of such change {{comment|(such as [[inflection]])}}

It need not be morphological; e.g. you can say that the use and choice of of [[articles]] (e.g. the, a) mark an object.


The term '''Marker''' usually refers to specific morphemes commonly used in morphemic marking.
For example, in English the 's' as a suffix tends to mark plural form.


See also [[Modification]].



=Markedness=
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Confusingly, '''marked forms''' can refer to '''markedness''' instead.


'''Markedness''' refers to a comparison linguistic behaviour as being more '''irregular''' or just more ''specific'' than another {{comment|(perhaps originating in being 'markedly different'?{{verify}})}}.
 
: in a sense of just being more specific
:: e.g. honest (unmarked) vs. dishonest (marked), 
:: often opposition, but not necessarily

: be it in the sense of standing out (somewhat related to the idea of [[idiomacity]])
:: in the sense that the choice draws attention to itself 
:: or, sometimes, that it's the wrong choice

: in a sense of one being low-effort

: in a sense of just being the typical way something is worded
:: in English, you ask how old someone is, not how young someone is. The first is neutral because it is common, and the second draws attention and seems to presuppose someone is young.

: 'unusual' can be a broad term - you could even argue that one aspect of [[institutionalized]] phrases is that that combination of words appear with markedly (i.e. unusually) high frequency



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In linguistics, it was used e.g. when developing rules to describe various production, from phonology. 

What you would like to see is that such rules primarily produces the regular forms,
probably with a small group of exceptions. 

If the rules seem 
chances are better than if it's a lot of rules that 
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Marking may be purely semantic, 
or may be realized as extra morphology.
The term derives from the marking of a grammatical role with a suffix or another element,
and has been extended to situations where there is no morphological distinction. 


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[[Category:Linguistics]]
[[Category:Terms]]