Music - studio and stage notes - devices you'll use

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The physical and human spects dealing with audio, video, and images

Image: file formats · image noise reduction · blur detection · halftoning, dithering · illuminant correction · Image descriptors · Reverse image search · image feature and contour detection · OCR · Image - unsorted

Displays: Video display notes · before framebuffers · Simpler display types · Display DIY ·· Screen tearing and vsync · Arguments for 60fps / 60Hz in gaming‎‎

Video: file format notes · video encoding notes · Subtitle format notes


Vision and color perception: physics, numbers, and (non)linearity · objectively describing color · the eyes and the brain · color spaces · references, links, and unsorted stuff · Lux and lumen

Audio physics and physiology: Sound physics and some human psychoacoustics · Descriptions used for sound and music · multichannel and surround · Sound level meter notes


Noise related: Stray signals and noise · sound-related noise names · electronic non-coupled noise names · electronic coupled noise · ground loop · (tape) noise reduction · strategies to avoid coupled noise · emphasis · Sampling, reproduction, and transmission distortions

Digital sound and processing: capture, storage, reproduction · on APIs (and latency) · programming and codecs · some glossary · audio noise reduction · Audio and signal processing - unsorted stuff


Music electronics: device voltage and impedance, audio and otherwise · amps and speakers · basic audio hacks · Simple ADCs and DACs · digital audio
On the stage side: microphones · audio levels & technical gritty · devices you'll use · cables, connectors, adapters · effect hardware · sync

Electronic music and DIY:

approaches to making sounds · some history · interesting instruments · Gaming synth ·
Synth: MIDI · sync · Electrical components, small building blocks · VCO, LFO, DCO, DDS notes · microcontroller synth · audio platforms
modular synth: formats (physical, interconnects) · physical · Learning from existing devices · eurorack power supply ·· Modules/makers of note: Mutable instruments
DAW: audio plugins · Ableton notes · MuLab notes · Mainstage notes · VCV Rack notes


Unsorted: Visuals DIY · Signal analysis, modeling, processing (some audio, some more generic) · Music fingerprinting and identification

For more, see Category:Audio, video, images

Stage and studio alike

Mixer notes

Channel plugs

Insert

Gain and trim

Per-channel buttons

Solo, PFL, AFL, SIP

Groups buttons

See #Groups

Extra buses

Aux

Groups

Reamp box

Stomp boxes

Fairly literal: A thing that you stomp on for sound.

Often a wooden block with a pickup in it, used for a relatively bassy accompanying rhythm to be amplified, most often alongside acoustic playing.

So this is arguably mostly used by the kind of guitar playing you can do sitting down, without a drummer, but you still want to make your own accompaniment.


Since they're themselves passive, you could build them for a few bucks, though getting a specific kind of thump out of them takes some practice and/or knowledge of physics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomp_box


Midi controllers

Issues

Doubling and feedback from interfaces / effects

On live latency

Stage mostly

DI box

This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.

DI, DI box, DI unit, Direct box. (some people argue over whether it stands for direct input, direct injection, direct induction, or direct interface. Most people don't care, because DI names a specific thing and function that we recognize, and isn't the thing we point at the main point of a name?).


Functionally

Takes a high-impedance, unbalanced signal, typically on 6.35mm TS.

Outputs a low-impedance pro-mic-level balanced signal on XLR (pro mic level, because that is what usually carries in audio context).

DIs weren't made for guitars exclusively, but that is a common use.


Passive DIs do so with a single audio transformer, so need no power, which makes them a no-worry functional addition - plug in and forget.

...but their simplicity comes with assumptions that are only usually true, and sometimes they lead to undue sound coloring, or higher noise levels.


In those cases, you want active DIs to fix that. They do a little more, but they do so using power (battery, adapter, and/or phantom power) so take a little more thought than just plugging in.






Passive versus active DI

Monitors

Feedback

Micing cabs

"Ring out the PA"

A little confirmation can save a lot of work

Acoustic / Standalone / DAWless

Functional pedal stuff

Pedals refer to powered effect boxes.

Often your foot lets you switch its main effect on or off.

This includes equalizers, distortion, fuzz, reverb, modulation, pitch shift, filters, compressor, sustainer, wah-wah, and endless others.

Also some functional things like tuners, splitters/routers/line selectors, buffer pedals,

Also more complex and interactive things like loopers, synths, drum accompaniment.


True bypass versus buffered bypass

Pedal power

Studio mostly

These are all valid devices on stage, but people tend to now want to lug the spaghetti of device they have at home to gigs.

So a number of devices are not on that list unless they need to be.


DAWs

Audio interface notes

Audio interfaces are often a combination of

  • sound card and
  • some specific-purpose inputs and outputs
both in terms of the plugs
and the electrical nature of what some things need


On gain, and levels throughout

This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.

In theory

Gain staging

Couldn't you gain in digital?

On mic preamps

Random questions

"Why don't (electric) guitars just have XLR outs?"