Normative: Difference between revisions

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Widely speaking, a '''norm''' tends to mean some standard for evaluating or making judgments about behavior or outcomes.
In a wider sense, a '''norm''' tends to mean some standard for evaluating or making judgments about behavior or outcomes.






This is usually in terms of an '''evaluative standards''' - we should do what seems to be good, for the reason that it seems to do good.
There is an occasionally-useful  distinction between
* '''evaluative standards''' - we should do what seems to be good, for ''the reason'' that its effect seems to be good


...which is distinct from "do what is typically done", a '''descriptive standard'''.
* '''descriptive standards''', which are more the "do what is standard/typically done" sort
: which is sometimes even fairly ''prescriptive''


 
{{comment|(Confusingly, both can be called 'normative', because both are still about judging what you should do)}}
{{comment|(Confusingly, both can be called 'normative', because it's still about judging what you should do)}}




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In philosophy and law, normativity mostly refers to what society collectively considers good, desirable, or permissible.




In linguistics, '''normative language''' refers to text that endorses a certain course of action,
and the way that is formulated.


...which you could call normalive modalities (where [[modality]] roughly means 'is about permissibility, desirability, likeliness, and/or truthfulness').
In philosophy and law, normativity mostly refers to what society collectively considers good, desirable, or permissible.




For example, "I think you should keep your promise" is a normative expression in the above sense.
In philosophy, mostly ethics, [[normative ethics]] is about telling us the things that ''should'' or ''shouldnt'' be done be done.




In linguistics (and e.g. law),
'''normative language''' refers to text that endorses a certain course of action.
For example, "I think you should keep your promise" is a normative expression in the above sense.
(in a more mechanical sense, formulation using 'should', 'will', etc. tend to be pretty normative)


In linguistics, normativity is often encoded via phrasing that we'd call [[modality]] or [[modal language]] (making it a little more than a topic or stylistic choice). {{comment|(Which can be useful to split out - e.g. ''deontic modality'' means you want a certain action, ''epistemic modality'' expresses what is argued to probably be true, ''intrinsic modality''' and '''disposition modality'' are more about what options there are)}}
In linguistics, normativity isn't just a topic being discussed, but is often also encoded via phrasing that we might call its own [[modality]] (making it a little more than a topic or stylistic choice).  


{{comment|(For context, [[modality]] roughly means 'is about permissibility, desirability, likeliness, and/or truthfulness' - and a little more concretely, examples of modalities include ''deontic modality'' meaning you want a certain action, ''epistemic modality'' expresses what is argued to probably be true, ''intrinsic modality''' and '''disposition modality'' are more about what options there are)}}


For example, laws and other legal texts contain ample normative language, because a good part concerns itself with expressing [[normative ethics]] (what should or shouldn't be done) - or what that turns into when you apply that in everyday life.




For example, laws (and to a lesser degree jurisprudence) contain ample normative language, because a good part concerns itself with expressing [[normative ethics]] (what should or shouldn't be done) - or what that turns into when you apply that in everyday life.


Legal texts are typically largely normative, and are potentially interesting to language research  
Legal texts are typically largely normative, and are potentially interesting to language research  
in that they are also relatively precise at expressing
in that they are also relatively precise at expressing


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Revision as of 14:45, 20 September 2023

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