Speech processing
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Plots and visualisations
Oscillogram
Waveform view.
Spectrogram
Intonogram
✎ This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.
An intonograph once seemed to point at a specific device that used to be used for speech analysis (a little more specific than e.g. abusing a visicorder or such), and the plots it made are called intonograms.
...but most things called intonograms seem to be prints of computer analyses.
- Most of them will have an estimation of fundamental frequency of speech.
- Other things they may show on the same plot tends to include
- the waveform,
- possibly include intensity,
- e.g. time markers for manual annotation.
It seems to now indicate any sort of plot that shows a combination of information, so e.g. Praat's Sound view (and perhaps Manipulation view), would probably qualify, showing both spectrogram and a plot of detected pitch.
Simple modelling of speech
source-filter model
The source-filter model names the model/attitude that we can get a good approximation of speech with
- either
- a tone at the fundamental pitch (for vowels) OR
- noise (for consonants)
- a few filters to imitate the formants (three is enough)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source%E2%80%93filter_model