Speech processing

Plots and visualisations

Oscillogram

Waveform view.

Spectrogram

Intonogram

✎ This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.

An intonograph seems to sometimes point at a device used for speech analysis (a little more specific than e.g. abusing a visicorder), and the plots it made are called intonograms.

...but most things called intonograms seem to be prints of computer analyses.

Most of them will have an estimation of fundamental frequency of speech.

Other things they may show on the same plot tends to include the waveform, and may include intensity, and e.g. time markers for manual annotation.

It seems to now indicate any sort of plot that shows a combination of information, so e.g. praat's Sound view (and perhaps Manipulation view) would probably qualify.

Simple modelling of speech

source-filter model

The source-filter model names the model/attitude that we can get a good approximation of speech with

either a tone at the fundamental pitch (for vowels) or noise (for consonants)
a few filters to imitate the formants

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source%E2%80%93filter_model