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  • 15:29, 14 March 2024Www.googleadservices.com can't be reached (hist | edit) ‎[341 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " It seems that various google result links go first to their own tracking, then to the site being linked to. Apparently particularly sponsored links, but also things like shopping. When there is any ad blocking (e.g. extension, VPN), it may happen to block this - and effectively break certain google links.")
  • 10:33, 14 March 2024RTL (hist | edit) ‎[220 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- Around text coding, right-to-left scripts Around electronics, Resistor-Transisitor Logic -->")
  • 15:19, 13 March 2024CRF (hist | edit) ‎[241 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " In, data modeling, conditional random Field In video encoding (mostly x264, x265?), Constant Rate Factor, a way to determine required bitrate based on content{{verify}}")
  • 17:46, 12 March 2024Motion smoothing (hist | edit) ‎[1,104 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Motion interpolation, or motion smoothing is video processing that invents frames between existing ones. Used live (e.g. various flat panel TVs do this), this attempts to make certain types of video more fluid. ...at the cost of some latency In video processing, it is a fake slow motion effect. Soap Opera Effect, because For large movements it is too creative and will look wrong, but ''mostly'' in a way too fast to notice (it's quite visible in the fake...")
  • 15:56, 11 March 2024Flash (hist | edit) ‎[147 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "For the now-abandoned browser plugin, see Flash notes. The type of memory, see Some_understanding_of_memory_hardware#Flash_memory_(intro)")
  • 12:45, 10 March 2024AFL (hist | edit) ‎[273 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Around '''software licenses''', the Academic Free License (AFL) Around stage audio, the After Fader Listen button on mixer channels")
  • 18:30, 9 March 2024Bike tire sizes (hist | edit) ‎[649 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " ===Why have one standard when you can have several?=== <!-- Broadly, there is * European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization (ETRTO) : width in mm : inside diameter in mm : in principle, width matters less so any with the same diameter will work : 559 ~= 26", 622 ~= 28" : MTB, typically 559, also have wider tires - 37, 40, 44, 47, 54, 57? * German : (outside?)diameter (inch) : width (inch) * French : approximate outside diameter (can be 80--100mm more than ) : wi...")
  • 14:17, 9 March 2024Amortization (hist | edit) ‎[19 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- -->")
  • 12:21, 9 March 2024Security notes - integrated security hardware (hist | edit) ‎[20,906 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "==TPM== {{stub}} ===What is it?=== It's a hardware module that assists a few security needs Part of its job is just to be ''separate'', because that allows it to do some things with more secrecy than is easy to guarantee otherwise -- if used well, that is. And with footnotes (separation is also potential attack surface) For some other needs it's more of a coprocessor thing, which doesn't always make much difference Physically, TPM started as a clearly separat...")
  • 12:45, 7 March 2024Esoteric (hist | edit) ‎[1,151 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Esoteric information refers to things known and/or understood only by people with specific knowledge or interest. This often because it is not a mainsteam interest, if it is written about this is not exhaustive, and it may be changeable. '''Sometimes''' It can be nearby senses like * unnusual interests or likes - Aside from unusual and understood by a minority, it can also include something ''liked'' only by a minority, and so has an overlap with unusual inter...")
  • 17:28, 5 March 2024Public dataset repositories (hist | edit) ‎[1,115 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " ==DANS and Dataverse== Dataverse : refers to bot h :: free and open source software [https://github.com/IQSS/dataverse] to archive research data and the likes :: the community and its many instances of that software, see e.g. [https://dataverse.org/#boxes-box-1473790649 this map] : https://dataverse.org/ : managed by Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataverse DataverseNL : seems to be a Dutch subset of dataverse {{verify}}...")
  • 15:18, 5 March 2024Problems with URLs (hist | edit) ‎[772 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Everything is terrible, so people break stuff. '''Link rot, or, the half-life of an URL''' Getting statistics on how long the average link lasts is complex, because which ones do you care about? But estimates are somewhere between two and twenty. But keep a collection of link around for many years? Many will be dead now. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_rot '''When a 200 response isn't the actual content''' Sometimes, when serving changed, you will...")
  • 14:39, 5 March 2024Infodemic (hist | edit) ‎[52 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infodemic -->")
  • 12:53, 4 March 2024Latency (hist | edit) ‎[3,006 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " ==Device latency== <!-- [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latency_(engineering) Latency] is, well, how late something is. Devices, by default, do their own thing, and do not know each other's timing. If there was no design consideration, then you should assume any one device can deviate from the plan, and its execution of your plan will probably not be better than order of magnitude, 10 milliseconds off from your plan. ===Does that even matter?=== '''If you are...")
  • 10:28, 4 March 2024// (hist | edit) ‎[203 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- In some programming languages, // is In python, https://helpful.knobs-dials.com/index.php/Python_notes_-_syntax_and_language_-_changes_and_py2/3#Differences_in_syntax_and_behaviour_in_2.6,_3k -->")
  • 11:10, 29 February 2024Cloves (hist | edit) ‎[349 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- Cloves are the flower buds of {{latinname|Syzygium aromaticum}} Kruidnagel Nelken (Gewürznelken) -->")
  • 17:31, 27 February 2024Security notes / One-Time Passwords (hist | edit) ‎[3,931 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{SecurityRelated}} <!-- So, passwords fail backward secrecy and some concepts like it: : If it is found today, it can be used in the future. : Also, it means people can spy on you, and you will only learn about that when they change something drastically, like locking ''you'' out. Wouldn't it be great if the thing that logs you in today is never useful again? Well sure, but doesn't that mean I now need to learn a new password every day (or use)? Or a way of bas...")
  • 17:04, 27 February 2024Security notes / Multi-Factor Authentication (hist | edit) ‎[6,212 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Redirected page to Multi-Factor Authentication) Tag: New redirect
  • 16:53, 27 February 2024Multi-factor authentication (hist | edit) ‎[19 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{security}}")
  • 13:28, 27 February 2024Cf (hist | edit) ‎[83 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "#redrect Abbreviations:_Acronyms,_Initialisms,_Contractions,_Apocopation#Others")
  • 12:43, 27 February 2024Energy, power, and work (hist | edit) ‎[1,461 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- MOVE: Note that "power is the rate of work" is a nice set of words, but does not teach differences like: * Energy and power :: e.g. 1000W is a ''rate''. 1000Wh is an amount of energy * Work and power '''''Roughly''''' speaking: * work is the total amount of expended energy * power is the ''rate'' - different rates over different times can equal the same overall work (or, less formally, energy, with the ). Pushing very hard for ten seconds may be just as much...")
  • 17:06, 26 February 2024Algorithms (hist | edit) ‎[3,295 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- ===What does algorithm mean?=== A way of calculating. A way of getting a particular thing done. Typically, practical answers to 'how does it X?' It refers to only the method, not the data you feed into it, nor the hardware it runs on. Programmers will often prefer to call things algorithm only when they are either specific theory (e.g. a specific way of sorting), OR concrete enough to just run And usually for simple, well-defined, questions, such as "ho...")
  • 16:34, 26 February 2024Experiment building - on online experiments (hist | edit) ‎[1,292 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Experiments}} ===On online experiments=== Online experiments, as convenient as they are, means there are many things you can no longer control for - display time, hardware response time, browser details, whether it is a computer or a phone (I have a years-old phone and I wouldn't trust its timing), headphone quality (there are some tests you can do to get a gauge of this) '''Browsers''' Assume that browsers tend to merge movement into 60Hz intervals - or what...")
  • 16:33, 26 February 2024Experiment building - on counterbalancing (hist | edit) ‎[54 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "===Thinking about counterbalancing===")
  • 12:56, 24 February 2024Are computers getting faster or not really? (hist | edit) ‎[1,973 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- Wirth's law - Wirth observed that perhaps software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware is becoming faster, though he attributes it to others who had been pointing out this patterns for at least a decade, and this is decades ago now. May's law / Gates's law - the speed of software halves every 18 months, compensating Moore's law. Programmers get lazy about efficiency because that isn't really visible as long as hardware And we keep adding more ''st...") originally created as "Are computers getting faster or slower?"
  • 19:58, 23 February 2024Precision and recall (hist | edit) ‎[460 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- The terms '''precision and recall''' are perhaps best known around search systems and other information retrieval systems. The terms precision and recall are used more widely, and in classification they are more specific: * precision - What proportion of positive identifications was actually correct : about a lack of false positives * recall - : about a lack of false negatives Because it's F-score https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-score -->")
  • 19:53, 23 February 2024False positives and false negatives (hist | edit) ‎[11 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "(ELSEWHERE)")
  • 20:57, 19 February 2024What can I remove from ~/.cache? (hist | edit) ‎[711 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- It is arguably safe to delete the whole thing, in that you should not suffer permanent data loss. That said, * some things are built when they need to be (and will be slow then) * some things will be downloaded on demand, which you may not want very often * some things may be currently running and not thinking about half of it dissapearing from under it. Let's look at some offenders * [https://github.com/python-poetry/poetry pypoetry] - package manager, should...")
  • 15:55, 19 February 2024Non-negative matrix factorization (hist | edit) ‎[436 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF or NNMF) might be compared to the likes of SVD / PCA. Both can be seen as matrix decomposition techniques - and there are others. The choice is often made in part by how ''valid'' these are for a given type of input, how exact they are (e.g. NMF is more approximate than SVD, yet seems better at capturing specific patterns) and even how directly usable the output is (NMF) -->")
  • 14:34, 19 February 2024Idiosyncracy (hist | edit) ‎[523 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Idiosyncratic perhaps most widely means unusual and/or distinctive habits. When about a person, people, idiosyncracies are the peculiar habits or features of that person, eccentric or not. In linguistics, idiosyncratic symbols can refer words that have meanings specific to specific people. When you say "collocations are statistically idiosyncratic sequences of words", you say that you would not expect them to occur together that much, and they probably ha...")
  • 11:45, 19 February 2024Triplets (hist | edit) ‎[426 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- In music, * a regular (part of a) beat made of three parts In knowledge bases * semantic triplets, e.g. in RDF In linguistics * etymological triplets * minimal triplets, an extension of the idea of minimal pairs * sometimes a reference to n-grams for n=3 (3-grams) In programming, sometimes a reference to a 3-tuple, e.g. as in "rgb triplet" -->")
  • 11:38, 19 February 2024Words and meanings (hist | edit) ‎[21,397 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " {{stub}} ==Lexicology== {{stub}} '''Lexicology''' is the general and objective study of words and their meanings. In some ways, it is the lexical part of philology. In other ways it is closely related to etymology, phraseology, and semantics. '''Lexicography''' can be said to be the applied part of lexicology, as it studies the use of words. 'Lexicography' is also and is often used to refer to the compilation of a lexicon. Note that lexicogr...")
  • 00:40, 18 February 2024Instance methods, static methods, class methods (hist | edit) ‎[2,761 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- For context, most functions defined on a class will be considered '''instance methods''': they will work on an instance of that same class. Calling them will always take. (exactly how explicitly it is in the ''definition'' of this function may vary with the language) They will accept one, and do so implicitly somehow - some languages make you write out the object reference ('self' or 'this' turns up around here), others have it implied. That is not the only...") originally created as "Static method"
  • 14:47, 16 February 2024Ttl (hist | edit) ‎[613 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "In electronics, TTL refers to a way of doing logic in circuits : historically, Transistor-Transistor Logic (transistors perform both the logic as well as any amplfication) replaced earlier styles, mostly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic resistor–transistor logic] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode%E2%80%93transistor_logic diode–transistor logic] : practically often just means "logic at 5V" :: which now is often in contrast wit...")
  • 17:15, 15 February 2024Office document formats (hist | edit) ‎[1,551 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- {{stub}} * MS Word between 97 through 2003 (and most formats from Microsoft Office 97-2003) :: has varied names - Composite Document file, Structured Storage, Compound File Binary Format (CFBF) or Compound Document File Format, and OLE2 seems related? :: file extensions: .doc for word processing, .xls :: MIME: application/msword, application/vnd.ms-excel ? :: which resembles a FAT filesystem internally :: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_File_Binary_Format...") originally created as "Document formats"
  • 12:52, 15 February 2024Caveat (hist | edit) ‎[245 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Caveat - "may you beware of" In general, "with a caveat" is used to mean "has a footnote". Caveat emptor - loosely translated as 'buyer beware' - you are Caveat lector - 'reader beware' - often a "don't believe everyting you read" -->")
  • 16:21, 14 February 2024Kernel panic (hist | edit) ‎[539 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- A kernel panic happens when the kernel (the core of the OS) notices that something has happened that makes it impossible to continue, or just too risky in terms of data corruption. It will choose to halt the system. Depending on configuration, it may or may not reboot. Technically this is distinct from the kernel itself crashing ''without'' noticing. there is probably a history to why the unix-side of things chose this name, presumably because it wasn't a...")
  • 14:00, 13 February 2024Argmax (hist | edit) ‎[371 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{stub}} ArgMax is the maximum value a function takes under given constraints. In mathematics, with contonuous functions, this might involve some symbolic analysis and manipulation, In computation, with discrete values, it may just amount to "go through array and remember the largest value you saw" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arg_max")
  • 14:09, 8 February 2024Flow control (hist | edit) ‎[1,047 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Flow control is the idea is that the receiving side can pause the sending side. Perhaps the easier to understand form is '''hardware flow control''', because these are often dedicated things separated from the transfer (out of band). For example, in a parallel ports, e.g. a printer can assert the busy pin, and the sending side will choose to pause sending until that clears. In in serial ports there is a similar construction: the sender sets RTS to signal th...")
  • 21:22, 1 February 2024TLV (hist | edit) ‎[686 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- Type–length–value is a way of laying out a file that contains many things, namely as a series of chunks that are * type of the next chunk * length of that data that follows * that data This is * fast to seek through :: in that you can seek forward that length, and ''know'' you are on the next chunk. * extensible :: in the sense that any reader, faced with a chunk type they do not know, can just ignore and skip it It puts memory of its rules in user.rules...")
  • 14:22, 23 January 2024Syntax-fu (hist | edit) ‎[357 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{programming}} What people usually mean with syntax-fu is clever expressions. ...often overly compact things you will not be able to remember the reasoning for later. In the name of maintainability, such compactness is ''generally'' discouraged, in favour of a more verbose-but-more-readable style, especially if that is no less efficient yo execute.")
  • 16:05, 22 January 2024Dimenionless fractions (hist | edit) ‎[1,136 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " <!-- Used to express... '''concentrations''', particularly in chemistry One problem is that, while [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_fraction volume fraction], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_fraction_(chemistry) mass fraction], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_fraction mole fraction] are all potentially useful, they are not the same - e.g. mass and volume may be quite different for gases So even while the units like kg/kg or m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup...")
  • 15:53, 21 January 2024SQLite notes (hist | edit) ‎[12,924 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " For some introduction, see [[]] <!-- '''Text coding''' SQLite defaults to assumes UTF-8. The C library does not ''verify'' it's valid, though. Behaviour may well depend on the library you use. For example, python's sqlite3 will * convert unicode strings to UTF-8 (py2 and py3) {{verify}} * it seems ** py2 sent str (its bytestrings) as-is (and since the library didn't check, you better hope it was valid UTF-8) {{verify}} ** and py3's bytes going to text fields isn...")
  • 16:27, 20 January 2024Bimodal (hist | edit) ‎[739 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with " Bimodal describes a distribution that seems to be a mixture of two basic distributions Examples often use two gaussian-ish humps, in part to point out these are not strictly separable while still being useful to us. Pointing out that something is bimodal often comes up in cases where it's convenient to simplify into something with two distinct, clearly separated cases, and more so in cases where that is a simplification with problems.")
  • 15:31, 20 January 2024Userspace (hist | edit) ‎[734 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "Userspace / user space means 'done as a regular program'. It is contrasted with kernel space We tend to use this term when it may also be reasonable to do the thing in the kernel 'space' refers more to to memory space, e.g. where things are ''stored'', but it is often implied things are also ''computed'' in the same place (as the kernel, versus as a user). Programs are mostly userspace, while e.g. syscalls go into kernel space (almost the definition of a sysca...")
  • 15:19, 20 January 2024Some databases, sorted by those types (hist | edit) ‎[44,733 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Database related}} ==File databases== Not a model but a practicality: File databases are useful to persist and store moderately structured data on disk, : often storing many items in one (or a few files) : usually accessible via a single, simple library - meaning they are also considered an embedded database There is typically also some way to alter that data in terms of its items (rather than, as in serialization, the whole thing at once), which ''may'' be li...")
  • 15:19, 20 January 2024Data consistency and versioning, and its concepts (hist | edit) ‎[32,207 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Database related}} ====ACID==== {{stub}} ACID (Atomic, Consistent, Isolated, Durable) is a set of properties you want to guarantee that the data it shows you is correct and consistent and up to date ''at all times''. 'ACID compliant' an be intuited as 'a guarantee that my data is safe and correct'. For a large part, that is about how a sequence of interactions is handled, in particular : dealing with sequences of statements that must be applied all together, or n...")
  • 15:18, 20 January 2024Database model types (hist | edit) ‎[23,175 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Database related}} ===Block store=== Block stores are access a ''large'' series of bytes, in moderately-sized blocks at a time. It's the most 'do everything yourself' variant of storage. There are almost no use cases where users or services want a block device directly. Yes, in theory some specific servers might be more efficient doing their own management of their very specific specific data structures on disk - but many of those choose to use large files the sam...")
  • 15:17, 20 January 2024Broad qualifiers, a.k.a. thinking about what you want from your database (hist | edit) ‎[11,787 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Database related}} ===OLTP, OLAP=== tl;dr: * OLTP basically means systems with ''immediacy'', OLAP often means bulk/batch processing * Systems can be made to do both to some degree, but OLTP often comes with people wanting it to be as immediate as possible * RDBMSes are mostly used for OLTP, NoSQL has less opinion about how it's used You'll see these two as qualifiers, as kinds of setups, and sometimes as specializations of specific kinds of systems/databases....")
  • 00:55, 14 January 2024Link preview bots (hist | edit) ‎[589 bytes]Helpful (talk | contribs) (Created page with "<!-- Some SEO analysis on social sites noticed that adding a nice image to to a link often makes it more likely to be clicked. So now we're previewing ''everything''. Aside from maybe missing some of the original point (link previews were larger and harder to miss than bare links, but if they're all the same, they just clutter up the place) it also means every social site will request every page that someone links to, for metadata and possibly for images on it. Or,...")
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