Human hearing, psychoacoustics: Difference between revisions

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==Results of said physiology, models==
==Results of said physiology, models==


==Masking==
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Masking refers to the effect where the presence of one sound influences the perception of another, but often '''simultaneous masking''', referring to simultaneous content masking other parts of it out, primarily by frequency masking, the effect where a frequencies masks out softer content near it. for example, a 1.0kHz tone will make a 1.1kHz tone that is 20dB softer hard to distinguish.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_bands Wikipedia: Critical Bands]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark_scale Wikipedia: Bark scale]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_rectangular_bandwidth Wikipedia: Equivalent rectangular bandwidth]
* http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/sasp/Equivalent_Rectangular_Bandwidth.html
* http://home.tm.tue.nl/dhermes/lectures/SoundAndVision/SoundAndVision_notes2.html
'''Temporal Masking''' refers to a temporary reduced perception of a tone played immediately before/after another.
Forward masking refers to a loud sound triggering reduced sensitivity to a somewhat softer one right after it, for up to perhaps half a second. This is largely based in the ear's ability to protect itself in reaction to loud sounds in the short term (also long, but that is just general reduced hearing).
There is also backward masking, where a loud sound ''after'' a softer wound drowns out the perception of the earlier one. The effect works because some of the processing involved is not perceived until perhaps 100ms after reception (frequency and time effects are processed somewhat separately), which is the time window in which this effect works.
==Other time-related effects==
More than approximately a dozen short sounds per second are harder to distinguish, which applies to impulses (above that, we start to hear it as a blur, and then a low hum) as well as clear frequencies (very fast piano is hard to distinguish).
==Subjective quality evaluation==
In the design of lossy signal processing (e.g. compression), transmission (e.g. phone systems), or 
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_Quality
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_quality_measurement
===Algorithms===
* PSQM - Perceptual Speech Quality Measure -- '''replaced with:'''
* PESQ - Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PESQ]
* PEAQ (Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEAQ]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSQM
===Listening tests===
Listening tests are (often double-blind) tests that compare quality by measuring human judgement.
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codec_listening_test
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_Opinion_Score
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUSHRA {{comment|(ITU standard)}}
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABX_test
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==Other psychoacoustic effects==
==Other psychoacoustic effects==
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Revision as of 15:07, 6 September 2023

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Psycho-acoustics is a study of various sound response and interpretation effects that happen in the source-ear-brain-perception path, particularly the ear and brain.

There are various complex topics in (human) hearing. If you mostly skip this section, the concepts you should probably know about the varying sensitivity to frequencies, know about masking and such, and know that practical psycho-acoustic models (used e.g. for things like sound compression) are mostly a fuzzy combination of various effects.


Results of said physiology, models

Other psychoacoustic effects

Localization

Selective attention

✎ This article/section is a stub — some half-sorted notes, not necessarily checked, not necessarily correct. Feel free to ignore, or tell me about it.


Auditory illusions

See also


  • Brian Moore, "Introduction to the psychology of hearing"
  • H. Fastl, E. Zwicker, "Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models" (relatively mathematical)

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